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Part 9 > Chapter 131　Torticollis(Wryneck)

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著者：Katherine Dolbec and Joe Ravera
 
Abstract
Torticollis is caused by the unilateral spasm of one or more muscles of the muscles of the neck. There are many possible underlying causes such as infection, trauma, or trigger points. Treatment is generally conservative with over-the-counter analgesics, gentle stretching and massage, a soft cervical collar if comfortable, and injection of trigger points if they are present.
 
Keywords
cervical spasm
muscular torticollis
neck muscle spasm
neck pain
torticollis
trigger point
wryneck

Presentation  
    The patient, usually a young or middle-aged adult, complains of neck pain and is unable to turn the head, usually holding it twisted to one side, with involuntary spasm of the neck muscles and the chin pointing to the other side. Attempts at movement generally cause the pain to worsen. These symptoms may have developed gradually, after minor turning of the head, after vigorous exercise, or overnight during sleep. Spasm in the occipitalis, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, splenius cervicis, or levator scapulae may be visible and/or palpable (Fig. 131.1).
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