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著者:Daniel Wolfson and Nathaniel Moore
 
Abstract
This chapter reviews the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular joint dislocation. Patients present with the inability to close the jaw, usually after yawning, laughing, taking a large bite of food, suffering a traumatic jaw injury or having a dystonic drug reaction. If atraumatic, attempt reduction immediately before muscle spasm occurs around the joint. If traumatic rule out fracture prior to attempting reduction. Reduction techniques are reviewed.
 
Keywords
bilateral jaw dislocation
gag reflex method
jaw dislocation
syringe technique
temporomandibular joint dislocation
TMJ dislocation
wrist pivot method

Presentation  
    Patients present with the inability to close the jaw, usually after yawning, laughing, taking a large bite of food, suffering a traumatic jaw injury, or having a dystonic drug reaction. Such patients have difficulty enunciating clearly. Although they usually have only mild to moderate discomfort, they may have severe pain anterior to the ear. A depression can be seen or felt in the preauricular area, and the jaw may appear to be protruding forward (underbite). If only one side is dislocated, the mandible appears tilted and lies lower on the affected side.
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