A, First portal for anterior thoracoscopic release of spine created along posterior axillary line between T6 and T8 intercostal spaces. Subsequent portals are created along anterior axillary line. B, Technique of portal insertion. Fifteen- to 20-mm incision is made parallel to superior surface of rib. Flexible portal is inserted with trocar. C, Trocar is removed, leaving flexible portal in place. SEE TECHNIQUE 44.27.