A and B, Anteroposterior and lateral views of pedicle entrance point in thoracic spine at intersection of lines drawn through middle of inferior articular facets and middle of insertion of transverse processes (1 mm below facet joint). C and D, Anteroposterior and lateral views of pedicle entrance point in lumbar spine at intersection of two lines. On typical bony crest, it is 1 mm below articular joint.