Posterolateral approach to tibia. A, Skin incision. B, Plane between gastrocnemius, soleus, and flexor hallucis longus posteriorly and peroneal muscles anteriorly is developed. C, Flexor hallucis longus arising from posterior surface of fibula. D, Distal part of origin of soleus is detached from fibula and retracted posteriorly and medially. E, Dissection medially across interosseous membrane, detaching fibers of posterior tibial muscle. F, Posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve are protected by posterior tibial and flexor hallucis longus muscles. G and H, Muscles are detached subperiosteally from posterior surface of tibia. (Modified from Hoppenfeld S, deBoer P: Surgical exposures in orthopaedics: the anatomic approach, Philadelphia, 2003, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.) SEE TECHNIQUE 1.32.